Walking on the land of Guizhou, the green Qingshui River and the majestic Wumeng Mountain are fascinating.

Colorful Guizhou ecological scroll is not only a gift from nature, but also the result of Guizhou's dedicated protection of the ecological environment.

In recent years, Guizhou has speeded up the construction of ecological civilization. Deeply implement the strategic positioning of Guizhou as the "pilot area of ecological civilization construction" given by the document GF [2022] No. 2, firmly grasp the internal requirements of upgrading from "pilot area" to "pilot area", promote the construction of ecological civilization and system reform with higher goals and stricter requirements, and on the basis of the construction of the national pilot area of ecological civilization in our province, Research and issue the Implementation Plan of Guizhou Ecological Civilization Construction Pilot Area.

Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. Standing at the height of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, Guizhou actively explores and promotes green and low-carbon development to run out of "acceleration". Forest farms are becoming a vivid epitome of Guizhou's ecological civilization construction.

Carbon sink landing green "bottom"

Forest land to assets, air to securities

"The forest carbon sequestration generated by trees can also be 'bought' insurance? It was unimaginable before! Now we have added new 'weapons' for forest protection and carbon sequestration." In June 2022, Wang Xiaomeng, chief engineer of Guizhou state-owned Longli Forest Farm, said excitedly that the forest farm had insured the first forest carbon sequestration index insurance in Guizhou, and 199900 mu of forest land was guaranteed by 17.87 million yuan.

This is the first carbon sink index insurance completed in Guizhou.

Longli Forest Farm

Forest carbon sink refers to that forest vegetation absorbs carbon dioxide in the atmosphere through photosynthesis and fixes it in vegetation or soil, thus reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. However, this absorption cannot be seen or touched. How can it become the subject matter of insurance?

According to Yue Hao, agricultural insurance manager of Ping An Property and Casualty Insurance Guizhou Company, forestry carbon sequestration index insurance is based on the measurement of carbon sequestration loss, indexing the loss of forest carbon sequestration caused by natural disasters as agreed in the contract. When the loss reaches the standard agreed in the insurance contract, it is deemed as an insurance event, and the insurance company will compensate according to the agreed standard.

"For Guizhou's forestry carbon sink index insurance, its innovation lies in that it not only compensates for the carbon sink damage caused by force majeure, but also proposes for the first time in the country that if the carbon sink volume grows steadily, the labor costs needed to ensure the carbon sink growth will be included in the coverage." Yue Hao told reporters that before signing the insurance and during the compensation phase, Insurance companies and competent forestry authorities will monitor and assess the increase and loss of carbon sink in the whole forest land through satellite remote sensing technology to ensure accurate data, make compensation in place at the first time, and finally achieve the goal of carbon sink growth.

Recently, the forestry carbon ticket transfer project of Zhongxin Planting Professional Cooperative in Dafang County, Bijie City was successfully traded on the Guizhou Public Resources Trading Platform. This is the first forestry carbon ticket transaction project completed by the platform, which indicates that the platform has the ability to undertake the transaction of new forestry carbon ticket projects.

Online information of forestry carbon ticket transfer project of Zhongxin Planting Professional Cooperative in Dafang County, Bijie City

Recently, the State Forestry and Grassland Administration announced the list of 18 national pilot cities (counties) for forestry carbon sequestration, and Bijie City was selected. At present, Bijie City has issued 4 forestry carbon tickets in the whole city, and issued the first forestry carbon ticket management method, the first forestry carbon ticket carbon reduction measurement method, and the first work plan of banking and insurance institutions to support forestry carbon ticket reform. We are ahead of the "carbon" development path.

The carbon ticket is the voucher of the right of return on carbon emission reduction of forest trees, which is equivalent to taking the carbon fixation and oxygen release function of trees as the "ID card" of asset transaction, and is endowed with the rights of transaction, pledge, cash, offset, etc. With forestry carbon tickets, forest land resources will become assets, and "air" will become a valuable security that can be appreciated, traded and pledged.

　　 As early as February 15, 2022, the first forestry carbon ticket of Guizhou was issued in Qianxi City and obtained by Qianxi Bilu Ecological Green Industry Development Co., Ltd. It is estimated that the forest carbon ticket covers more than 33000 mu of forests, with carbon emission reduction of 1357300 tons. It is estimated that the carbon trading value can be about 3.05 million yuan.

The first forestry carbon ticket in Guizhou Province.

Before the Tomb Sweeping Day this year, the 8000 mu "golden sprouts" of Zhijin County Wumeng Limin Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. ushered in a productive period. More than 4000 jin of tea is produced every day and sold to Zhejiang, with a turnover of more than 2 million yuan.

As the holder of the first tea plantation forestry carbon bill in the province, Wumeng Limin Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. is actively promoting the realization of carbon bills, turning "carbon bills" into "money", increasing people's income, and helping to expand the transformation channel of "two mountains".

Innovation goes beyond that. Guizhou continued to promote forestry carbon ticket work and explore the "forestry carbon ticket+" model. Jianhe County handled the first public interest litigation case of forestry carbon sink restoration, and Chishui City established the province's first forest carbon sink management bureau

By the end of May 2023, the province has developed 13 forestry carbon tickets, completed the forestry carbon sink bank credit of 510 million yuan, lent 186 million yuan, and achieved a transaction amount of 7.732 million yuan.

"I never thought that my usual lifestyle and participation in economic activities would be rewarded with real money and silver." Ms. Tan, who runs a tobacco and wine business in Jiangkou County, said that she was excited to get a preferential loan of more than 1 million yuan from the rural credit cooperative union of the county.

The "Fanjing Ecological Account" collects information and data from multiple dimensions such as the ecological behavior and results of five types of market entities in daily production, life and operation, such as farmers, enterprises, self-employed businesses and new agricultural operators, and gives a virtual personal account with a certain score through indicator evaluation. When the "Fanjing Ecological Score" reaches a certain amount, You can obtain differentiated financial preferential policies such as loan interest rate preference, loan credit line withdrawal, customized deposit products, green channel services, and green exclusive financial services in the form of credit point deduction.

Aerial view: Ecological sturgeon breeding base in Jinghe Village, Dewang Township, Jiangkou County, Tongren City.

As of January 2023, Jiangkou County has established 1212 "Fanjing Ecological Accounts", with a credit amount of 213 million yuan, and issued 837 "Fanjing Ecological Loans" of 145 million yuan. Let more small, medium-sized and micro enterprises and farmers get on the "ecological bowl" and eat "ecological rice".

Live up to the Green Mountain and get the Golden Mountain

Beneath the forest, "Digging Gold" Ecological Wealth

In the past, logging for a living, hunting for food, and deforestation were the true portrayal of Getou Village, Fangxiang Township, Leishan County. "Rely on the mountain and eat the mountain" was once regarded as the natural logic of life by the local people.

"In the past, when people ran out of money, they would go up the mountain to cut trees to sell money. When they ran out of money, they would cut trees again. You cut trees, I cut trees, and everyone cut trees, which would cause great damage to the forest." Yang Zhengrong, an old secretary of the Getou Village, said that such blindly cutting trees and "eating mountains" would consume too much natural resources, which was doomed to be unsustainable.

Getou Village

In recent years, with the implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project as the starting point, Getou Village has promoted the construction of key forestry projects such as artificial afforestation, conversion of farmland to forests, and mountain closure for afforestation, and mobilized villagers to convert farmland to forests and plant trees for afforestation, so as to continuously expand the forest land area and effectively improve the forest coverage. Relying on the rare Taiwania flousiana community and high forest coverage ecological resources, we will strengthen the leadership of the Party building, make every effort to build an ecological brand, read the "mountain" script, and do a good job in the "water" article, vigorously develop rural tourism, and promote the in-depth integration and development of ecology, culture, health care, and tourism. Efforts should be made to create a beautiful home with blue sky, green land and clear water, which will make tourists linger and forget to return, and turn green water and green mountains into golden mountains and silver mountains.

At the same time, with forest rangers and party members as the main body, a green forest protection team will be set up to take charge of ecological protection, forest fire prevention, forestry cultivation, forestry resource use and other work, so as to realize that "mountains are managed by people, forests are man-made, trees are protected by people, and responsibilities are borne by people".

Taiwania flousiana

At present, the forest coverage rate of Getou Village is as high as 97%, with 30600 mu of forest land, including 24700 mu of ecological public welfare forest. The village receives 383900 yuan of public welfare forest compensation every year, with an increase of 2230 yuan per household.

Among the trees all over the mountains and fields in Getou Village, there are more than 10000 trees of Taiwania flousiana, a national first-class protected plant, which is known as the "hometown of Taiwania flousiana in China". Yang Guangfu, a 57 year old villager, has received a subsidy of 10000 yuan every year since he was selected as the village's ecological forest protector in 2019. Relying on forest resources, Yang Guangfu also developed under forest beekeeping, which increased his income.

Beekeeping industry in Getou Village

Relying on the resource endowment, Getou Village takes the development of forest tea, forest bees, forest hemp, forest shoots and other undergrowth economies as a breakthrough, adopts the "Party branch+cooperatives+farmers" model, and has built 1000 mu of ecological tea garden, 1100 mu of Youfu August shoots, 50000 square meters of gastrodia elata planting, and 200 boxes of bees. At present, the annual income of village level collective economy has increased by 529600 yuan, and the per capita annual income of villagers has exceeded 11000 yuan.

The environment is good and tourists come in droves. Entering Getou Village, the air is filled with the fragrance of plants and trees, and the green of the mountains makes people feel happy. Here, there are green grass, a stream runs through the village, the water is babbling under the small bridge, and the simple and beautiful stilts are dotted on the mountainside. Terraces and wooden houses crisscross, surrounded by rolling lofty green mountains, which is a beautiful picture of small bridges, rivers and people.

"In the past, the carp, native chicken and black haired pig that were unique to farmers could only be eaten by their own families, and the beautiful Miao embroidery could only be enjoyed by Miao women themselves. Now, they have become the" hot spots "for foreign tourists. Moreover, when there are more tourists, pure native chicken can be sold for 60 yuan per jin. Now, most villagers in the whole village are directly or indirectly involved in the tourism industry, and can earn money at home. Villagers are happier and happier. " Villager Yang Renhong said.

Tourists in Getou Village

Now, Getou Village has successfully established a provincial rural tourism demonstration village, and has become a popular online clocking place for tourists to spend their holidays, entertainment and summer vacation. It has won the "National Forest Village" and "China's Most Beautiful Village and Town (Ecological and Livable Award ） ”And other honorary titles.

At present, it is the ripe season of blueberries. In Bailing Ecological Blueberry Base, Dongkou Village, Bandang Town, Ziyun Autonomous County, clusters of plump and pure blueberries are full of branches, making people salivate. Workers carry small baskets to pick fresh blueberries and prepare to pack and transport them to the market.

Today, with Dongkou Village as the core, the blueberry planting area of Ziyun Autonomous County has grown from scratch, and the scale has exceeded 10000 mu, which has become the "wealth fruit" of local villagers.

Through nearly 10 years of development, from trial planting of 200 mu to taking Dongkou Village as the core, the blueberry industry radiates Xiaozhaiguan Village, Cuihe Village, Gouchang Village, Huangheying Village and other surrounding villages in Bandang Town, Maoying Town. In addition, Ziyun state-owned Langfengguan Forest Farm also vigorously develops the blueberry industry with the help of regional advantages and unique ecological environmental resources.

At present, the planting area of Ziyun blueberry is 16000 mu, and the production area is 8800 mu. There are more than 10 blueberry varieties such as Legosi, O'Neill, Laibao, and Brilliant.

State owned Langfengguan Forest Farm keeps bees under the forest. Kuangqi Combustion

In Langfengguan Forest Farm of Ziyun Autonomous County, the road is surrounded by lush trees, which are natural and ecological. The former state-owned forest farm of Langfengguan was mainly engaged in timber business, with a single profit model and small development space. Since 2020, Ziyun Autonomous County has given full play to the advantages of the 21000 mu forest resources of Langfengguan Forest Farm, vigorously developed the under forest economy such as under forest chicken raising, under forest beekeeping, under forest fungus and under forest Chinese medicine planting, and driven the people around the forest farm to increase their income and become rich. A new way to "dig gold" under the forest and enrich the people ecologically has been truly opened up.

Today, Ziyun, with a forest coverage rate of 68.63%, is continuing to promote the integrated development of "forestry+industry", forming a beautiful economic and industrial landscape under the forest; The pattern of tea on the slope, medicinal materials in the forest, busy beekeeping in the forest and chicken jumping in the forest is gradually taking shape.

The data shows that in Ziyun, 2.33 million mu of forest land has been reserved, the forest coverage rate of the whole county has reached 68.63%, the economically and effectively utilized forest land area under the forest has reached 2543.9 million mu, and the forestry output value has reached 1.0643 billion yuan.

"Protect the Green" and "Protect the Green"

In summer, the osmanthus forest farm has mottled trees, thousands of trees competing for glory, and green waves surging. The deeper you go, the more fresh the forest will smell.

Zhijin County has a state-owned osmanthus forest farm, 2km away from the county seat, which is reputed as "the top ten forest farms in China".

At 8:30 every morning, the forest guards will assemble on time, and then go to their own "territory" to start the day's mountain patrol and forest protection work. Wei Yujin, the head of the work area of the Osmanthus Forest Farm, said: "To guard this green area, we need to be careful and patient, strengthen the control of fire sources, intensify mountain patrols and forest protection, and strictly control the use of fire in the wild for illegal farming and sacrifices."

In the fire prevention watchtower in Niuwangdong Forest of Guihua Forest Farm, Zhao Zuquan, an observer for 27 years, has stood on the top of the lookout tower surrounded by mountains every day, with a telescope in his hand, looking around, looking at the million mu of forest. Today, the forest farm covers an area of 44500 mu.

To guard this green area, we need to be careful and patient, strengthen fire source control, intensify mountain patrolling and forest protection, and strictly control the use of fire in the wild for illegal farming and sacrifices.

Wei Yujin, the head of the work area of Guihua Forest Farm, said, "The key fire prevention period of the forest is from October to May of the next year, especially during the Spring Festival and Tomb Sweeping Day, when everyone is walking around the mountain every day, I'm afraid that one place is not optimistic about the disaster."

"In order to strengthen the supervision of forest and grass resources, the city employed 36267 ecological forest guards, fully implemented management responsibilities, realized the whole process, all-round and all field protection, and ensured the safety of 13.8431 million mu of natural forest protection project," said Mi Xiaolin, deputy director of Bijie Municipal Forestry Bureau.

Countless hardworking "green protection" experts like Wei Yujin and Zhao Zuquan have been walking through the forests and plants of Guizhou for decades, guarding this green area.

As early as September 17, 2020, Guizhou issued the Opinions on Fully Implementing the Forest Chief System, which is the seventh province in the country to issue the opinions on the forest chief system. The main leaders of the provincial party committee and the provincial government serve as the "double chief forest leaders", and other provincial leaders serve as provincial forest leaders to ensure the realization of high-level promotion. As member units of the joint meeting, 18 provincial departments have formed a new pattern of forestry reform and development featuring joint management, joint construction and joint governance.

Zhao Hua, the head of Guizhou Provincial Forest Chief System Office, said that up to now, there are 19 provincial forest chief, 169 municipal forest chief, 2172 county forest chief, 13851 township forest chief and 30702 village forest chief. The forest regions in the province implement a full coverage and grid responsibility system for the protection and development of forest and grassland resources.

Wang Guangde, leader of the forest protection team in Haique Village, Bijie City. Photographed by Uranus

Through the exploration and practice in recent years, the forest leader system in Guizhou has realized the transformation from comprehensive establishment to initial effectiveness, and effectively promoted the "forest leader system". According to statistics, in 2022, Guizhou Province will issue 96 total forest directors' orders, and forest directors at all levels will carry out 718000 person times of forest patrols. Provincial forest directors will coordinate to solve 47 problems of forest resource protection and development.

Man can live up to Castle Peak, and Castle Peak will live up to him. In Guizhou, people and nature coexist in harmony. The beauty of nature and culture add radiance to each other. "Golden seeds under the forest" are sprouting and bearing fruit everywhere. Villages scattered in the mountainous areas are enjoying "ecological dividends". As one of the important exploration and practice provinces of Jinshan Yinshan concept, Guizhou has thoroughly implemented the new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, constantly planted the ecological advantages of high-quality development, promoted the coordinated progress of high-quality economic development and ecological environment protection, and promoted the harmonious coexistence of human and nature, Transform the construction of beautiful Guizhou into the conscious action of the people of the whole province, and strive to make new achievements in the construction of ecological civilization.

The whole province is vividly interpreting the story of "relying on green to produce gold".

Comprehensive arrangement

Tianyan News Reporter of Guizhou Daily

Long Hairuo and Li Beiduo

Edited by Xu Fenfang, Liu Sibo

Second instance: Zhou Wenjun, Li Jie

Third instance Pang Bo